It is important for both employers and employees to understand that the new laws permitting recreational marijuana use in California does not impact employers rights to maintain and enforce drug-free workplace policies and drug testing policies. Under federal law, marijuana remains a Schedule 1 drug that is prohibited under the Controlled Substances Act, and the California Supreme Court held in 2008 that an employer lawfully may enforce a policy of refusing to hire an applicant who tests positive for marijuana, even if the employee was using the marijuana for medical purposes.